The Hull House and Other Achievements Essay Example for Free

The Hull House and Other Achievements Essay The Hull house was constructed in 1856 for Charles Hull. It originally had a factory, furniture store, and home for the elderly. Despite rumors that part of the house is haunted, Jane, together with her friend Ellen Starr, rented it â€Å"to provide a center for higher civic and social life, to institute and maintain education and philanthropic enterprises, and to investigate and improve the conditions in the individual districts of Chicago. † (Lundblad, 1995) In an aim to make the house a â€Å"place where idealism ran high† (Addams, 1910, p. 101) Addams devoted the place to educating lowly people—those who worked in factories, who essentially came from different cultural backgrounds. In the house, the teachers read Hawthorne, George Eliot, and other literary works. Additionally, they taught the neighborhood music and theater, so as to provide the workers an escape from the daily hardships encountered. Later on, the house included an employment bureau, and was designed to be a center not just for the poor but also for the rich to gather together. At first, Addams was mainly in charge of everything, but later on, she delegated the work to others in order to raise more funds. Because of her strong influence among the higher class, she gained the support of the three wealthy women in Chicago, who did not only believe in what she promoted, but also took interest in her projects. Thus, by 1910, about seventy people lived in the house and it was said that at a time, more than two thousand people came everyday. Even though Addams’ motives were primarily for the benefit of the people, there were those who criticized her for her strong belief in peace. She was considered a deviant during the World War I and was expelled from an organization called the Daughters of American Revolution because of her protest against war and America’s participation to it. In addition, she supported the American Union Against Militarism, and attended the Women’s Peace Party where she was elected as its national chairman. She also took part in International Woman’s Conference in Hague where she was chosen to head the commission that sought to put an end to war. In this undertaking, she met with ten leaders of other countries, and their effort was recognized as â€Å"the first international effort by women against war. † (Johnson, ed. , 1960, XI) In 1919, Addams was chosen as the American delegate for the second Women’s Peace Conference, from which the Women’s International League for Peace and Freedom began. She was elected as the first president of this league, and served as its president until her death. Among other services she rendered was supplying food and other needs to the women and children of the opposing side—a work she wrote about in Peace and Bread in Time of War (1922). Moreover, she also worked for the welfare of the poor, fought for factory inspection, working hours for women workers, schooling for children, and establishment of labor unions. Furthermore, she also helped establish the juvenile court in 1899, thus by 1920, there were only three states which did not have juvenile courts.

Tzar Nicholas II - Downfall of Russia :: Russian Russia History

Tzar Nicholas II - Downfall of Russia It was Tzar Nicholas 2 political naivete and extreme obstinance that led to the downfall of the Russia Certain aspects of Tsar Nicholas 2's behaviour definitely contributed to bringing about the fall of the Russian Empire, however most of these qualities were not weaknesses in character as such, they were qualities we would associate with poor leadership. When we say 'weakness in character' we mean being easily influenced/controlled by others. Nicholas himself was a firm believer in autocracy; he was virtually unmovable in this belief. And this obstinant belief clearly illustrates he stuck to his beliefs, although in his early years as tsar his uncles had huge influence. That said, the fall of the Russian Empire was not all a result of Nicholas' character and poor leadership qualities, we must also see that the huge socio-economic changes happening as well as the outbreak WW1 hugely influenced the coming about of and the timing of the revolution. These changes would be hard for any government to manage. Nicholas 2's firm and obstinant belief of his commitment to autocracy can be clearly seen in a letter of reply he sent to a liberal zemstvo head before his coronation. "I shall maintain the principal of autocracy just as firmly and unflinchingly as it was preserved by my unforgettable dead father (Alexandra 3)"(Nicholas & Alexandra, Robert K. Massie). His ultra-conservative political outlook was influenced greatly when a child Tsar Nicholas was educated by the reactionary tutor Konstantin Pobenonstev, enemy of all reform. If there were any doubts about Nicholas' belief in autocracy they would have been put to rest. Pobenonstev was once called "The Highest Priest of Social Stagnation". He once declared, "Among the falsest of political principles is the principle of sovereignty of the people". In his early manhood Nicholas lived the life of an idle socialite uninterested in the affairs of state, he found government meetings 'boring' and uninteresting. As he had never taken a liking to political affairs he was underprepared to take the throne, this fact along -with his stubborn belief in autocracy- also goes a long way to explain his political naivete in many of the difficult situations he faced. Was this unwillingness to face the political realities due to him being blinded be his obstinate belief in autocracy or was it just that he was politically naà ¯ve? Throughout his rule as discontent rose Nicholas still believed that he still had the support of all his people save for a couple of 'undesirables'.

Milk Powder in China Essay

Firstly, the customers of Milk powder market in China can be devided in to three parts.Which are high income, working-class,and low income. In China now, most of young parents pay most of their attention to children’s health. They often look foreign goods like food and clothes for children. but not everyone has ablity As mentioned above, our milk powder will be easily accepted by the young parents who are highly educated, and have high income due to its high quanlity and the suitble for asian babies in demographics. In psychographics, as we know, resently, most of Chinese milk powder has been checked out Melamine that can lead to kidney stones. Young parents have lost confidence in the manufacturing of milk powder. More and more people try to purchase foreign milk powder for baby no matter how expensive it is. But most of them buy it from internet by someone who can buy the powder derectly in the country of origin, it will pay lots attention and more money. This is a reminder that we can use this mind to develop our Chinese market. In the past , most Chinese parents buy milk powder which was advertised well, they thought the products that film star recommended would be high quantity. Facts had proved that it would not work. People have lost their confidence on advertisment. It is a problem for us how to promote our milk powder. If we over- used advertisement, it may cause resentment from parents. Some other people will buy milk powder which is recommended by friends or experts from China and other countries. According to the above analysis. We can use concentrated global marketing srtategy. As have related we must use single marketing mix to suit the customer Our milk powder is expensive, not everyone has ability r to bear the expense. So our customer groups is who have high income and highly educated and think baby’s health is the most important thing they have concerned. This part will have little family of hostility, at least they will firstly consider the needs of their baby.

The Chinese Culture Essay - 1578 Words

The Chinese Culture This report is about the myths and beliefs of the Chinese culture. Its about the stories the Chinese created to explain the world around them, and generally how they perceived their surrounding environment. This report deals with ancient myths and the people who believed them, and what the current believes of these people are. The Southwest Creation Story The Southwest creation story is a myth which explains why people are different. The myth begins by saying that there were people on earth who were all alike, meaning there werent people who were black, white, oriental, etc.. It states that the humans on earth all generally were the same. There were also gods who lived above the clouds in the†¦show more content†¦The Duke pretended he was dead with his mouth hung open and he had his lips very dry. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp; The girl was worried, she thought he was dying so she gave him one drop of water. The Duke instantly jumped back up and tore apart the cage. The children were terrified. He came over to them and promised them that they will be rewarded for their deed. He gave them a small egg and told them to plant it in the ground and then he left. When the man came back he was shocked by what had happened. He knew the Duke would be very angry and would punish him. So he didnt waste any time and started to build a ship. After a months time the ship was finished. It was built out of the strongest material known to him. Meanwhile the egg the children planted had grown to a size of about two small people. Then one day what the man had anticipated came. Huge torrential downpours of rain started and there were tremendous floods. The man jumped into the ship he built, in his panic he had forgotten about the children. They had ran into the egg which had become soft. The floods were so great that the man in his ship reached all the way to the door of the heavens. He banged the doors and yelled let me in! The gods didnt want mortals in the heavens, so the Duke was ordered to recede the floods.Show MoreRelatedThe Culture Of A Chinese Culture1410 Words   |  6 PagesChinese companies belongs to the family corporate culture type, it has a person oriented culture. The ethnics of the person are more important than the task he or she takes. The leader makes decision and dominates. Malagasy culture is more based on laws and regulations. A Chinese values survey is developed by Hofstede and Bond(1980) to explore cultural values in 22 Asian and western countries from the Chinese social values. In this survey, Confucian dynamism which refer to the acceptance of legitimacyRead MoreA Brief Introduction for Chinese Culture1468 Words   |  6 Pagesintroduction for Chinese culture Cultural background China, as one of the four homes of the world’s earliest civilization, has a recorded history of nearly 4,000 years. Through centuries of migration, merging and development, it has formed a distinctive system of language, writing, philosophy, art and political organization, which came to be recognized as Chinese culture. It originated from Xia, Shang and Zhou dynasty, which was known as slave culture period. Xia culture representedRead MoreCultural Resume : Chinese Culture1930 Words   |  8 Pagesform a very unique culture; Chinese culture. The significant aspects include customs and courtesies, lifestyle, nation s history and some present scenarios and last but not the least, this report will also shed light on the styles of communication in the selected culture. China is one of the four â€Å"ancient civilizations† in the world (China Highlights). China’s official name is the People’s Republic of China (PRC), which is located in Asia at a position which makes its culture highly saturated becauseRead MoreThe Constant Conflict Between Chinese Culture And American Culture1544 Words   |  7 PagesThe Constant Conflict between the Chinese Culture and American Culture Cities, towns, and, more generally, places, are living organisms. Similar to those living within and outside it, a city interacts with other living beings, creating change and taking change. The symbiosis between the places and those within the place can be mutualistic or parasitic, beneficial to both or harmful to one. The early 1900s were characterized by millions of people flocking to America to live the so-called AmericanRead MoreThe Yellow Emperor Of Shan Jing, A Great Chinese Culture Creator1934 Words   |  8 PagesThe Yellow Emperor in Shan Hai Jing, a great Chinese culture creator Brief Introduction About Shan Hai Jing Shan Hai Jing is considered by historians, geographers and academics alike, to be one of the oldest records of ancient Chinese geography, and the most extensive literature on ancient China. The literature has 32 volumes, of which only 18 volumes have survived. Of these 18 volumes, five volumes are relating to the Shan Jing (Classic of Mountains), the next 8 volumesRead MoreChinese Culture1223 Words   |  5 PagesSocialization ------ American Born Chinese Children under Chinese Culture According to the American Heritage Dictionary, socialization is the process of learning interpersonal and interactional skills that are in conformity with the values of one s society (American Heritage). It is a process of learning culture. During socialization, children will acquire attitudes, norms, values, behaviors, personalities, etc. within agencies of socialization, which were described as Agencies of socializationRead MoreThe Chinese Culture And Chinese Values1489 Words   |  6 PagesBritain’s ignorance towards Chinese culture and discrepancies between Chinese and Western values. Reflected in Lord Macartney’s account of his first meeting with Emperor Qianlong in 1792, the source highlights Britain’s belief of how they had taken the right steps to impress the Emperor to begin establishing stronger trade relations with China. However, Britain were ignorant of the negative attitudes towards traders in the Chinese culture and China’s inferior view of non-Chinese nations. Therefore, althoughRead MoreChinese Culture1798 Words   |  8 PagesDara Murphy 112519063 Chinese Culture Essay: There are many different aspects to Chinese culture that make it so broad and interesting. I will be focusing mainly on the more modern features to the culture and how it has changed from the traditional culture. Chinese culture is one of the oldest cultures out there today. I personally find the culture as a whole very interesting and intriguing and I extremely enjoyed learning about the ancient culture that is still ever so prominent todayRead MoreChinese Culture and Communication: Chinese Culture and Communication1594 Words   |  7 Pagescontinuous movement all over the world of people from varying countries and cultures has lead to an increase of cross-cultural communication. Australia is quickly developing into a multicultural nation attracting tourists from a vast range of countries. As a result, it is has become more important for people in Australia to be culturally sensitive and aware in order to successfully interact with these visitors of different cultures. These inter actions are especially important in international airportsRead MoreChinese Culture2090 Words   |  9 PagesMainland China is rooted in more than 4,000 years of rich Chinese cultures and history.   Its known for their lives, travel, history, business and food, their people and customs.   Traditional Kung Fu is as much of the culture of china according to statistics. The Chinese people have shared a common culture longer than any other groups on earth.   China is one of the cradles of the human race.   For thousands of years the culture of china has attract and moved many people from all over the world, being

Obsessive Compulsive Disorder Essay - 1527 Words

Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD) is a cyclical mental health condition which involves unending obsessions paired with unsatisfying compulsions performed to attempt to alleviate the emotional and physical suffering generated by the obsessions. There are approximately five main clusters of OCD; checkers, doubters and sinners, counters and arrangers, hoarders, and washers and cleaners. Accounting for about one quarter of OCD sufferers, the most abundant category is washers and cleaners and serves as the focus of this paper. OCD’s severity ranges from minor effects on a person’s life to completely debilitating. If your case is severe enough, it will affect your job, personal relationship, friendships, and normal functioning in a profoundly†¦show more content†¦Help is needed from wherever you can get it if you choose to take your life back. To truly defeat this disorder, prepare for mental and emotional battle. Patients with OCD are often put on medications such as benzodiazepines to help control the anxiety the obsessive thoughts cause. There is no medication available to stop the obsessive thoughts from happening, but there are medications that help to dull the effects. â€Å"Pharmacologic therapy usually includes clomipramine or antidepressant treatment with selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, but in dosage ranges higher than those typically used in the treatment of depression†. (Eddy) OCD, similar to depression, is thought to be caused by a lack of serotonin in the brain. With an SSRI (selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor) the levels of serotonin in the brain synapses will remain higher, helping to reduce the symptoms of OCD. (Eddy) The patient then can hopefully learn to manage the anxiety, fear and other emotions caused by the involuntary thoughts, and to add other forms of help. Behavioural therapy is one of the most successful methods of dealing with OCD. â€Å"Patients are increasingly exposed to the stimuli they usually avoid (e.g., â€Å"contaminated† objects) while being prevented from performing any of their usual anxiety-reducing rituals†. (Eddy) People suffering with OCD appear to tend to live in a five second window, unable to see past the fears to realize there are no real dangers to them. To people unaffected byShow MoreRelatedEssay on Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder1389 Words   |  6 PagesObsessive-Compulsive Disorder Obsessive-compulsive disorder, commonly known as OCD, is a type of anxiety disorder and was one of the three original neuroses as defined by Freud. It is characterized by recurrent, persistent, unwanted, and unpleasant thoughts (obsessions) or repetitive, purposeful ritualistic behaviors that the person feels driven to perform (compulsions). (1) The prime feature that differentiates OCD from other obsessive or compulsive disorders is that the sufferer understandsRead MoreObsessive-Compulsive Disorder Essay1025 Words   |  5 Pages Obsessive-compulsive disorder, also known as OCD causes people to suffer in silence and secrecy and can destroy relationships and the ability to work. It may bring on shame, ridicule, anger, and intolerance from friends and family. Although it has been reported in children, it strikes most often during adolescence or young adult years. The illness can affect people in any income bracket, of any race, gender, or ethnic group and in any occupation. If people recognize the symptoms and seek treatmentRead MoreObsessive-Compulsive Disorder Essay939 Words   |  4 PagesObsessive-Compulsive Disorder, also known as OCD, is a psychiatric anxiety disorder that is characterized by recurrent, unwanted thoughts along with repetitive behaviors. These unwanted thoughts are called obsessions and the repetitive behaviors are called compulsions. Repetitive behaviors such as hand washing, checking, counting, and cleaning are usually performed with the hope of making these obsessive thoughts go away or even preventing them. These repetitive behaviors are often referred to asRead MoreObsessive Compulsive Disorder Essay1232 Words   |  5 PagesObsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) is an anxiety disorder characterized by intrusive thoughts that produce uneasiness, apprehension, fear, or worry. The acts of those who have OCD may appear paranoid and potentially psychotic. However, OCD sufferers generally recognize their obsessions and compulsions as irrational and may become further distressed by this realization. Obsessive–compulsive disorder affects children and adolescents, as well as adults. Roughly one third to one half of adults withRead MoreEssay on Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD)875 Words   |  4 Pagessevere Obsessive Compulsive Disorder. Obsessive-compulsive disorder is an anxiety disorder that triggers people to have unwanted fixations and to repeat certain activities again and again. Everyone has habits or certain ways of doing something with Obsessive Compulsive Disorder these habits severely interrupt the way they live their lives (Familydoctor.org Editorial Staff). About one in 40 people suffer from some form of Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (ABRAMOWITZ). Obsessive Compulsive Disorder oftenRead More Obsessive Compulsive Eating Disorder Essay595 Words   |  3 PagesObsessive Compulsive Disorder One kind of anxiety disorder is obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). This disease can ruin a persons life because it causes them to have repetitive thoughts and behaviors towards certain things. Life can become very difficult because this way of thinking and acting is very difficult to overcome, especially since the obsessions have no point and are stressful for the person. It begins to interfere with the persons school, work, and/or home. Obsessions are theRead MoreLiving With Obsessive Compulsive Disorder Essay890 Words   |  4 Pagesact who have Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD). People that have OCD find it hard to lead normal lives. They tend to suffer from recurrent, unwanted thoughts (obsessions) and perform the same rituals (compulsions) that they feel that they cannot control. The rituals or compulsions they have can be anything from washing their hands over and over, to counting, or even cleaning. People who suffer from OCD can only ease their anxiety by performing these rituals. The obsessive or intrusiveRead MoreObsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD) Essay800 Words   |  4 Pages Obsessive Compulsive Disorder And Its Effect On Life Obsessive-compulsive disorder, or OCD, involves anxious thoughts or rituals one feels and cant control. . For many years, OCD was thought to be rare. The actual number of people with OCD was hidden, because people would hide their problem to avoid embarrassment. Some recent studies show that as many as 3 million Americans ages 18 to 54 may have OCD at any one time. This is about 2.3% of the people in this age group. It strikes men and women inRead MoreEssay about Obsessive Compulsive Disorder1388 Words   |  6 Pagescalled Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder, or OCD. In the past, this man with OCD would have been considered extremely strange, but it is now known that OCD is somewhat common in today’s world. The conditions of Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder can be very uncomfortable and unsettling, but there are some ways to treat OCD. Obsessive-compulsive disorder is an anxiety disorder that causes a sufferer to have very uncomfortable obsessions and compulsions. The main anxiety of a sufferer of OCD is obsessive thoughtsRead MoreObsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD) Essay2901 Words   |  12 Pages   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Obsessive Compulsive Disorder, or OCD, affects an average 1.7% of the population according to the Stanford University School of Medicine.  Ã‚  The recognition of this psychological disorder has grown in the recent years.  Ã‚  As the knowledge of this disorder becomes more prevalent, those suffering have become more willing to seek help (OCDA).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  OCD is a condition â€Å"in which people experience repetitive and upsetting thoughts and/or behaviors† (OCDA).  Ã‚  While there are many variation

Disciplining Your Child Disciplining Children - 1093 Words

Disciplining Your Child Disciplining is used to train or as a practice of teaching one to obey rules, laws or a code of behavior. With discipline it can also be the punishment to correct disobedience. Being a parent isn’t the easiest thing to do, in fact it’s one of the most difficult task. As parents we are not given a handbook that guides us to making the right decision with our children. How we decide to discipline our children may not always be the right or correct way in disciplining them. There are even some children that may learn differently than others and some parents who choose to discipline their children one way versus another. With discipline it teaches children â€Å"age appropriate behavior†. It teaches them what they should and should not do. It even teaches them that a lack of discipline can potentially lead to behavioral problems followed by consequences. Now, child discipline can be one of the most difficult things to do, however, it is essential in life as we grow u p and use it throughout life. As parents the way you decide to discipline your child is done in several different methods and strategies, but with successful disciplining the end result should all be the same. The first method of teaching your children discipline is starting at a young age. When you child is an infant up to twelve months you discipline your child by making sure you set schedules to include feeding, sleeping and time for playing and interactionShow MoreRelatedDiscipline is Not Abuse Essay860 Words   |  4 Pagestoday are getting arrested for simply disciplining a child. But, in older times disciplining a child set good moral standards and taught that child on what that child was supposed to do and what not to do. There is a fine line between abuse and discipline. So what is child abuse? Child abuse consists of any act of commission or omission that endangers or impairs a child’s physical or emotional health and development. Child abuse includes any damage done to a child which cannot be reasonably explainedRead MoreGuidelines : Guidelines On Discipline1015 Words   |  5 Pagesbecome better people along with their children. If parents are able to adjust their disc iplinary methods along with their children’s age, then the subject of discipline will be simpler and easier for both parents and kids allowing it to stay completely legal. â€Å"Judge Glenn Derryberry of Allen County Juvenile Court said discipline of children is not a topic with a lot of absolutes. He said there is a lot to consider such as the age and maturity of the child† (Sowinski). The style of encouragingRead MoreNegative Reinforcement Is A Good Form Of Discipline978 Words   |  4 Pagesare obligated to find disciplining techniques that are suitable, and to the world, acceptable. Many people think that negative reinforcement is a good form of discipline, but what they don’t know is its causes increase in the behavior. There are two forms of discipline, as said above it talks about negative reinforcement. Negative reinforcement is where a parent thinks that they are helping the child by responding and dealing with the situation negatively showing the child to fight fire with fireRead MoreMy Speech On Childhood Discipline1177 Words   |  5 Pagesdiscipline is and why it is important to discipline your child. Specific Purpose: To identify what childhood discipline really is and how you should discipline a child. Thesis: Good parenting consist of many element when parenting you have to be stern. Could discipline your child lead to a lifetime disrespect? Or could discipline lead to a promising future for your child. Introduction I. Spanking, Popping, and Whooping when people think of child hood discipline this is what they think of these termRead MorePersuassive Speech on Spanking Children Essay1320 Words   |  6 Pages2012 Sylvester S121 Persuasive Speech Disciplining Children: Spanking? Introduction: You hear more and more every day about a mother or a father accidentally killing their child for a small misbehavior. This is becoming more and more of a problem. Parenting children is a very difficult task, one of the most challenging things anyone will ever encounter. The reason I want to talk to you today about the proper ways of disciplining children is because a lot of people do not realizeRead MoreThe Common Thought People Have Concerning Child Abuse1005 Words   |  5 Pagesconcerning child abuse is what exactly child abuse is. Child abuse is described to be â€Å"when a parent or caregiver, whether through action or failing to act, causes injury, death, emotional harm or risk of serious harm to a child.† (Childhelp). Child abuse is when a parent/guardian/caregiver causes physical damage, emotional damage, or psychological damage to a child. In the state of North Carolina, there are several sections from state legislation laws in which determines and labels what child abuse isRead MoreDisciplining Your Child Vs. Child Abuse1875 Words   |  8 Pages Disciplining Your Child vs. Child Abuse (Where the line is drawn) For many years, we as a society have discussed what to do and how to draw the line when it comes to disciplining a child. Many parents have different methods on how to discipline their child. Some parents resort to a physical method of discipline, where other parents may approach their children with a non-contact form of discipline such as verbal reprimand or grounding. We as a society have grown into different times, whereas physicalRead MoreEssay on Proven Methods Of Child Discipline1465 Words   |  6 Pagesconstant competition going on to find jobs and move up the ladder of success. As human beings we are naturally devoted to instilling some kind of success in our children. To ensure that children are successful in life they need to be well disciplined but also socially and morally developed human beings. It is the parent’s duty to keep their children well disciplined along with giving them the opportunity to develop socially and morally. But how is it possible to app roach this task correctly? Using provenRead MoreDiscipline Teaches a Child to Follow the Rules Essay627 Words   |  3 PagesDiscipline If you want your child to become a responsible, respected adult then you must discipline your child. This must be done without humiliation or abuse. â€Å"Discipline is the process of teaching your child what type of behavior is acceptable and what type is not acceptable. In other words, discipline teaches a child to follow rules.† (WebMD, 2005-2014) The most important thing is to teach the child what it is that you expect of them, teach them the consequences of not following the rulesRead More Effective Parenting-Early Development, Various Parenting Styles and Discipline1744 Words   |  7 Pages Parents act as the first teachers in a childs life. Both mothers and fathers can have very unique influences on their children. Mothers and fathers parent differently, however, both maternal and paternal figures are essential in healthy development. Together both parents teach their children many things including how to eat, walk, talk and underlying emotions such as love, trus t and happiness. Oppositely parents may also teach their kids, often unknowing of the effects they are causing, distrust

Market Segments and Targets free essay sample

Many organizations are utilizing target marketing to compete more effectively. Companies focus on the customers which they can most likely satisfy, instead of scattering their marketing effort. Effective target marketing requires identifying distinct groups who have different needs and preferences which is called market segmentation and select one or more market segments to enter which is called market targeting. In addition, for each target segment, marketers must establish and communicate the distinctive benefits of the company’s market offering which is called market positioning (Kotler, 2006, p. 40). Market segmentation is the process of grouping a market into smaller subgroups. This is derived from the recognition that the total market is made up of segments. These segments are homogeneous within (ex: people in the segment are similar to each other in their attitudes about certain variables). Because of these similarities, they are likely to respond similarly to a given m arketing strategy (Zikmund, 1996, p. 258). Successful segmenting can greatly improve marketing effectiveness. Companies can purchase the right list, improving advertising results and increased consumer satisfaction. The requirements for successful segmentation are: 1. Homogeneity with in the segment 2. Heterogeneity between segments 3. Segments are measurable and identifiable 4. Segments are accessible and actionable 5. Segment is large enough to be profitable (Zikmund, 1996, p. 255). These criteria can be summarized by the word SADAM: 1. S Substantial: the segment has to be large and profitable enough 2. A Accessible: it must be possible to reach it efficiently 3. D Differential : it must respond differently to a different marketing mix 4. A Actionable: you must have a product for this segment 5. M Measurable: size and purchasing power can be measured (Zikmund, 1996, p. 257). The variables used for segmentation include: 1. Geographic variables a. Region of the world or country b. Country size – metropolitan cities, small towns c. Density of Area – urban, rural d. Climate – hot, cold, humid, rainy 2. Demographic variables a. Age b. Gender c. Sexual orientation d. Family size e. Family life cycle f. Education g. Income h. Occupation i. Education j. Socioeconomic status k. Religion l. Nationality/race m. Language 3. Psychographic variables a. Personality b. Life style c. Value d. Attitude 4. Behavioral variables . Benefit sought b. Product usage rate c. Brand loyalty d. Product end use e. Readiness-to-buy stage f. Decision making unit (Zikmund, 1996, p. 255 256). Geographic segmentation includes distinctions based on continents, cultural regions, and climate. Another basis for segmentation is political boundaries, such as state and city lines. However popul ations are not always adequately described by political boundaries. Marketers are most often concerned with the population map. The company can operate in one or a few areas, or operate in all but pay attention to local variations (Zikmund, 1996, p. 254). Marketers often use zip codes as a basis for market segmentation. People and households in the same zip code area are often similar in demographic characteristics (Zikmund, 1996, p. 254). Some approaches combine geographic data with demographic data to yield even richer descriptions of consumers and neighborhoods. Claritas, Inc. has developed a geoclustering approach called PRIZM that classifies over half a million U. S. residential neighborhoods into 15 distinct groups and 66 distinct lifestyle segments called PRIZM clusters. The groupings take into consideration 39 factors in 5 broad categories: (Kotler, 2006, p. 49) 1. Education and Affluence, 2. Family life cycle, 3. Urbanization, 4. Race and Ethnicity, and 5. Mobility (Kotler, 2006, p. 249). Individuals within a cluster tend to lead similar lives, drive similar cars, have similar jobs, and read similar magazines. Here are four new PRIZM clusters: 1. Young Digerate – couples or single, most with kids, who live in urban cen ters, tend to hold master’s degrees, affluent, tech-savvy, in their 20’s. 2. Beltway Boomers – forties and fifties, college-educated, upper-middle-class homeowners married late and are still raising children. They live in comfortable suburban subdivisions and are still pursuing kid-centered lifestyles. 3. The Cosmopolitans – continued gentrification of the nation’s cities has resulted in the emergence of this segment, concentrated in America’s fast-growing metro areas. These households feature older homeowners, empty nesters, and college graduates who enjoy leisure-intensive lifestyles. 4. Old Milltowns – Just as America’s once thriving factory towns have aged, so have their residents. Old Milltowns reflects the decline of these small, once-industrial communities, now filled with retired singles and couples living quietly on fixed incomes. These home-centered residents make up on the top segments for daytime television (Kotler, 2006, p. 249). In demographic segmentation, the market is divided into segments based on things like age, gender, income, occupation, education, religion, and race. Demographic segmenting is popular because consumer needs, wants, and usage rates and product and brand preferences are frequently associated with demographic variables (Kotler, 2006, p. 249). Psychographics uses psychology and demographics to understand consumers. Psychographic segmentation divides consumers based on personality traits, lifestyle, or values. Individuals in a similar demographic group can have different psychographic profiles. Benefit segmentation is a type of market segmentation in which consumers are grouped according to the specific benefits they seek from a product. In consumer markets, segmentation variables include demographics, socioeconomics, psychographics, geographic factors, behavior patterns, consumption patterns, and consumer predispositions. In business markets, geographical areas, organizational characteristics, purchase behavior and usage patters, and organizational predispositions and policies are used as segmentation variables. The appropriateness of any one variable or combination of variables varies considerably from case to case. The marketing manager must determine which variables will isolate a meaningful target market (Zikmund, 1996, p. 261). The Advantages and Disadvantages in Segmentation Advantages The main objective of segmentation is to increase your sales and increase your profits. It helps you achieve this by helping you to; 1. Identify new product opportunities. It does this by helping you identify the needs of different market segments and developing products to satisfy those needs. 2. Identify new product opportunities. It does this by helping you identify the needs of different market segments and developing products to satisfy those needs. 3. Develop more efficient methods of promoting existing products. 5. Identify new or highly profitable markets or new channels of distribution. 4. Target a particular market segment more efficiently than spreading limited resources over a wide area. 5. Maintain sales but reduce expenditure on promotion and advertising (â€Å"UniSdirect†, 2003). Disadvantages Generally, there is an increase in costs with segmentation stemming from increased; 1. Market research the need to better understand the needs of the various market segments. 2. Research and development the need to produce different products for the different market segments. 3. Production costs-the need for different products for different market segments. 4. Administrative costs-the need for separate marketing plans for the different segments. 5. Inventory costs-the need for additional stock to cover variations in demand plus additional stock holding and control systems. 6. Distribution costs-the need for different distribution channels for different market segments (â€Å"UniSdirect†, 2003). Mississippi Army National Guard The Mississippi Army National Guard’s marketing objective is to create a positive image which leads qualified individuals to consider and/or continue Guard membership. This will be accomplished with an emphasis on television, as well radio, direct mail, collateral material, public relations and direct contacts. The Mississippi Army National Guard marketing objectives are as follows: 1. Actively pursue the recruiting of prior service and in-service candidates. 2. Highlight the opportunities available to Guard members to be leaders of the future in terms of technology, education and training. . Position the Guard Members as â€Å"American Soldiers† who protect our freedom and the American way of life. 4. Promote Mississippi specific benefits. 5. Achieve and maintain a state strength of 100% or higher. 6. Maintain a 17% or less attrition rate for each unit in the state. 7. Utilize direct response programs to generate qualified leads for recr uiter follow-up. 8. Position the Guard as a stepping stone to greater career opportunities by providing training, building a resume, and networking. Several Army National Guard units have returned from deployment only to lose many of their qualified personnel. The Freedom Salute Campaign is a wonderful program that helps in the retention of soldiers returning from deployment. The Mississippi Army National Guard needs to do a better job at presenting this program. The Mississippi Army National Guard must aggressively target employers for special recognition and invitations to unit activities to ensure that employers of Guard personnel are informed and supportive of their employees Guard membership, and that employers are shown that the Guard appreciates their sacrifices and commitment.